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Idea detective · Lesson 04 / 06

The card that changes the answer

“Every blue card has a star.” It sounds like a simple rule. Instead of looking only for confirmation, let’s look for a card that could disprove it.

Learning paths6 min

Let's discover together

  1. 1

    “Every” makes a promise about each case in a group. Our rule concerns blue cards; it makes no promise about red cards.

  2. 2

    A blue card with a star fits the rule, but one card does not show all cards. A blue card without a star is a counterexample: it belongs to the group and breaks the promise.

  3. 3

    For a universal rule, one valid counterexample is enough to show it must change. First check that you observed the color and symbol correctly.

✦
YOUR MISSION

Find a counterexample and separate supporting evidence from proof for every case.

Now it's your turn

Discovery workshop

Test the card rule

Rule: EVERY BLUE card has a STAR. Available cards: blue + star, blue + circle, red + circle.
Build your answers and check when you are ready.
A moment to understand

What should we do after confirming a blue card without a star?

I need a hint

A rule must respect observed cases, including those that contradict it.

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Take it with you

Invent a rule about shapes or numbers and look for a case that contradicts it. Avoid rules about groups of people: we are practicing with objects and clearly defined conditions.

At your own pace

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